Ankle Ligament Injuries
Traumatic Orthopaedic Injuries - Soft Tissue And Ligament Injuries: Ankle Ligament Injuries
Ankle ligament injuries are common and often result from twisting or rolling the ankle. These injuries involve damage to one or more ligaments, which are the strong bands of tissue that stabilise the ankle joint. Ligament injuries can range from mild sprains to complete tears and can significantly impact mobility and joint stability. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to reduce pain, restore function, and minimise the risk of recurrent injuries.
What Are Ankle Ligament Injuries?
Ankle ligament injuries occur when one or more of the ligaments around the ankle joint are stretched, partially torn, or completely ruptured. The most commonly injured ligament is the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL), located on the outer side of the ankle. Injuries are categorised into three grades based on severity:
- Grade 1 (Mild): Stretching or microscopic tearing of the ligament.
- Grade 2 (Moderate): Partial tearing of the ligament.
- Grade 3 (Severe): Complete rupture of the ligament, often causing joint instability.
Causes Of Ankle Ligament Injuries
Ankle ligament injuries typically result from sudden movements or trauma that place excessive force on the ankle joint. Common causes include:
- Twisting or Rolling the Ankle: A common mechanism during sports or everyday activities.
- Falls: Landing awkwardly on the ankle after a fall.
- Sports Injuries: High-impact or pivoting activities such as basketball, soccer, or tennis.
- Direct Trauma: A blow to the ankle during contact sports.
Symptoms Of Ankle Ligament Injuries
The symptoms of an ankle ligament injury may vary depending on the severity but commonly include:
- Pain around the ankle, especially on the outer side.
- Swelling and bruising.
- Difficulty walking or bearing weight on the affected ankle.
- Instability or a feeling of the ankle “giving way.”
- Tenderness to touch over the injured ligament.
- Stiffness or reduced range of motion.
If these symptoms persist or worsen, it is important to seek medical attention to ensure proper diagnosis and treatment.
Risk Factors For Ankle Ligament Injuries
Certain factors may increase the likelihood of sustaining an ankle ligament injury, including:
- Previous Ankle Injuries: A history of sprains or ligament injuries can weaken the joint.
- Sports Participation: Activities involving jumping, running, or quick changes in direction.
- Poor Footwear: Wearing shoes that do not provide adequate support.
- Uneven Surfaces: Walking or running on uneven terrain.
- Poor Balance or Muscle Weakness: Lack of strength or coordination in the lower leg muscles.
Treatment Options For Ankle Ligament Injuries
Treatment for ankle ligament injuries aims to reduce pain, restore joint stability, and prevent long-term complications. Options include:
Non-Surgical Treatments
- RICE Protocol: Rest, ice, compression, and elevation to reduce pain and swelling.
- Immobilisation: A brace, splint, or supportive taping may be used to stabilise the ankle.
- Pain Management: Medications to relieve pain and reduce inflammation.
- Physiotherapy: A structured rehabilitation program to restore strength, balance, and range of motion.
- Proprioceptive Training: Exercises to improve coordination and reduce the risk of recurrent injuries.
Surgical Treatments
Surgery is rarely required but may be considered for severe or recurrent ligament injuries that result in chronic instability:
- Ligament Repair: Reattaching the torn ligament to its original position.
- Ligament Reconstruction: Using a graft to reconstruct the damaged ligament.
- Arthroscopy: Minimally invasive surgery to assess and treat associated injuries within the ankle joint.
Dr Scott Tulloch will evaluate your condition and recommend the most appropriate treatment plan based on the severity of the injury, activity level, and long-term goals.
When Should You Seek Help For An Ankle Ligament Injury?
You should seek medical advice if:
- Pain, swelling, or bruising persists despite home care.
- You experience recurrent ankle instability or a feeling of the ankle “giving way.”
- You are unable to bear weight or move the ankle without significant pain.
- Symptoms worsen or new symptoms, such as numbness or tingling, develop.
Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to promoting proper healing and preventing complications such as chronic ankle instability or arthritis.
If you would like to learn more about ankle ligament injuries or discuss your treatment options, book an appointment with Dr Scott Tulloch at the Victorian Orthopaedic Group.
