Knee Arthroscopy
Arthroscopic Knee Procedures: Knee Arthroscopy
Knee arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to diagnose and treat a variety of knee conditions. Using a small camera called an arthroscope, the surgeon can examine the inside of the knee joint and perform necessary repairs through small incisions. Knee arthroscopy may help reduce pain, improve mobility, and address structural issues in the knee joint with less recovery time compared to open surgery.
What Is Knee Arthroscopy?
Knee arthroscopy involves inserting a small camera (arthroscope) into the knee joint through a tiny incision. The camera transmits images to a monitor, allowing the surgeon to visualise the inside of the knee. Through additional small incisions, specialised instruments are used to repair or address issues such as damaged cartilage, torn ligaments, or inflamed tissue. This minimally invasive approach is often preferred due to its faster recovery times and reduced scarring compared to traditional open surgery.
When Is Knee Arthroscopy Recommended?
Knee arthroscopy may be recommended for individuals experiencing:
- Meniscal Tears: Damage to the cartilage that cushions the knee joint.
- Ligament Injuries: Partial tears or damage to ligaments, such as the ACL or PCL.
- Cartilage Damage: Loose fragments of cartilage causing pain or joint locking.
- Knee Pain: Unexplained pain that persists despite non-surgical treatments.
- Joint Swelling: Inflammation caused by conditions such as synovitis (inflammation of the joint lining).
- Knee Stiffness or Locking: Mechanical symptoms limiting joint movement.
- Diagnosis: To identify and assess damage within the knee joint.
Preparation For Knee Arthroscopy
Proper preparation can optimise surgical outcomes and recovery:
- Pre-Surgical Assessment: Dr Scott Tulloch will evaluate your medical history, perform a physical examination, and may request imaging tests such as X-rays or MRIs to confirm the need for arthroscopy.
- Pre-Surgery Instructions: Patients may be advised to stop certain medications, follow fasting guidelines, and arrange for transport home after the procedure.
- Lifestyle Adjustments: Strengthening exercises and maintaining a healthy lifestyle may help improve post-surgical recovery.
What Happens During The Surgery?
- Surgical Technique: Knee arthroscopy is typically performed as a day procedure under general anaesthesia or regional anaesthesia (e.g., spinal anaesthesia).
- Procedure Steps:
- Small incisions are made around the knee joint.
- The arthroscope is inserted to provide a clear view of the joint interior.
- Specialised instruments are used to repair or remove damaged tissue, such as torn cartilage or inflamed tissue.
- The incisions are closed with sutures or steri-strips.
Duration: The procedure generally takes 30-60 minutes, depending on the complexity of the condition being treated.
Understanding The Risks
Knee arthroscopy is generally considered safe, but as with any surgical procedure, there are potential risks. Dr Scott Tulloch will discuss these with you and outline measures to minimise them. Risks may include:
- Infection at the surgical site
- Blood clots in the legs or lungs
- Swelling or stiffness in the knee
- Temporary or persistent pain in the knee
- Rare complications, such as nerve or blood vessel damage
What To Expect After Surgery
- Recovery Environment: Most patients can return home on the same day as the procedure.
- Pain Management: Medications, ice therapy, and elevation may be used to manage post-surgical pain and swelling.
- Assistive Devices: Crutches or a knee brace may be recommended temporarily to support mobility.
- Discharge Instructions: Patients will receive guidance on wound care, activity restrictions, and recognising signs of complications.
Rehabilitation And Recovery
- Recovery Timeline: Many patients return to light activities within a few days to a week, with full recovery typically achieved within 4-6 weeks.
- Physiotherapy: A personalised physiotherapy program may be recommended to restore strength, flexibility, and joint function.
- Activity Restrictions: High-impact activities should be avoided until the knee has fully healed, as guided by your physiotherapist and surgeon.
Long-term Outcomes
Knee arthroscopy may provide relief from pain and improved joint function for many patients. The success of the procedure depends on the underlying condition being treated, adherence to post-surgical care, and engagement in a rehabilitation program.
Regular follow-up appointments with Dr Scott Tulloch are recommended to monitor your progress and address any concerns during recovery. Maintaining an active, healthy lifestyle, including low-impact exercise, can help preserve knee health and enhance long-term outcomes.
If you would like to learn more about knee arthroscopy or discuss your options, book an appointment with Dr Scott Tulloch at the Victorian Orthopaedic Group.
