Patella Stabilisation Surgery
Knee Stabilisation And Alignment Surgeries: Patella Stabilisation Surgery
Patella stabilisation surgery is a procedure designed to address instability of the kneecap (patella), a condition that can cause pain, recurrent dislocations, and difficulty with knee function. This surgery aims to improve the alignment and stability of the kneecap, reducing the risk of further dislocations and associated complications. Patella stabilisation surgery may help restore knee function and improve mobility for individuals with chronic instability or damage to the patellar mechanism.
What Is Patella Stabilisation Surgery?
Patella stabilisation surgery involves repairing or reconstructing the structures that help stabilise the kneecap, such as the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL). The goal of the surgery is to correct misalignment, strengthen the patellar mechanism, and reduce the likelihood of dislocations. Depending on the underlying cause of instability, procedures may include ligament reconstruction, tightening of soft tissues, or bone realignment.
When Is Patella Stabilisation Surgery Recommended?
This surgery is often recommended for individuals who experience:
- Recurrent Patellar Dislocations: Frequent episodes of the kneecap slipping out of place.
- Chronic Instability: A persistent feeling of the kneecap being unstable or “giving way.”
- Structural Abnormalities: Misalignment or abnormal tracking of the patella that increases the risk of dislocations.
- Pain and Limited Function: Discomfort and restricted knee function despite non-surgical treatments, such as physiotherapy or bracing.
- Cartilage Damage: Damage to the cartilage on the back of the patella due to repeated dislocations.
Preparation For Patella Stabilisation Surgery
Proper preparation is key to optimising surgical outcomes:
- Pre-Surgical Assessment: Dr Scott Tulloch will perform a detailed examination, review your medical history, and order imaging tests such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs to assess the cause of patellar instability.
- Pre-Surgery Instructions: You may be advised to stop certain medications, follow fasting guidelines, and arrange for post-surgical support, such as crutches or a knee brace.
- Prehabilitation: Strengthening exercises and physiotherapy may be recommended to improve the strength and flexibility of the knee prior to surgery.
What Happens During The Surgery?
- Surgical Technique: The specific approach will depend on the underlying cause of instability and the patient’s unique anatomy.
- Anaesthesia: General anaesthesia or regional anaesthesia (e.g., spinal anaesthesia) is typically used.
- Procedure Steps:
- If necessary, the MPFL is reconstructed using a graft, such as tissue from the patient’s own hamstring.
- Soft tissues may be tightened or adjusted to improve patellar alignment.
- In cases of structural abnormalities, bone realignment procedures such as a tibial tubercle transfer may be performed.
- The knee is tested for stability before the incisions are closed.
- Duration: The surgery generally takes 1-2 hours, depending on the complexity of the procedure.
Understanding The Risks
As with any surgical procedure, patella stabilisation surgery carries potential risks. Dr Scott Tulloch will discuss these with you and outline measures to minimise them. Risks may include:
- Infection at the surgical site
- Blood clots in the legs or lungs
- Stiffness or limited range of motion in the knee
- Graft failure or loosening
- Rare complications, such as nerve or blood vessel damage
What To Expect After Surgery
- Hospital Stay: Many patients are discharged on the same day or after a short hospital stay.
- Pain Management: Medications, ice therapy, and elevation may be used to manage pain and swelling.
- Assistive Devices: Crutches or a knee brace may be needed during the initial recovery period to protect the knee and support mobility.
- Discharge Instructions: Patients will receive detailed guidance on caring for the surgical site, activity restrictions, and recognising signs of complications.
Rehabilitation And Recovery
- Recovery Timeline: Recovery typically takes 3-6 months, depending on the complexity of the surgery and adherence to rehabilitation.
- Physiotherapy: A structured physiotherapy program is essential to restore strength, flexibility, and knee function.
- Activity Restrictions: High-impact activities should be avoided during recovery to protect the repaired structures and ensure proper healing.
Long-term Outcomes
Patella stabilisation surgery may help reduce the risk of further dislocations, alleviate pain, and improve knee stability for many patients. The success of the procedure depends on factors such as the severity of instability, adherence to post-surgical rehabilitation, and the patient’s overall health.
Long-term benefits may include enhanced knee function, greater confidence in movement, and reduced risk of cartilage damage associated with recurrent dislocations. Regular follow-up appointments with Dr Scott Tulloch are recommended to monitor progress and address any concerns during recovery.
Maintaining an active, healthy lifestyle, including low-impact exercise, can help preserve knee health and support long-term outcomes.
If you would like to learn more about patella stabilisation surgery or discuss your options, book an appointment with Dr Scott Tulloch at the Victorian Orthopaedic Group.
